iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. It is the operating system that powers many of the company's mobile devices, including the iPhone and iPod Touch; the term also included the versions running on iPads until the name iPadOS was introduced with version 13 in 2019. It is the world's second-most widely installed mobile operating system, after Android. It is the basis for three other operating systems made by Apple: iPadOS, tvOS, and watchOS. It is proprietary software, although some parts of it are open source under the Apple Public Source License and other licenses
History:
In 2005, when Steve Jobs began planning the iPhone, he had a choice to either "shrink the Mac, which would be an epic feat of engineering, or enlarge the iPod". Jobs favored the former approach but pitted the Macintosh and iPod teams, led by Scott Forstall and Tony Fadell, respectively, against each other in an internal competition, with Forstall winning by creating the iPhone OS. The decision enabled the success of the iPhone as a platform for third-party developers: using a well-known desktop operating system as its basis allowed the many third-party Mac developers to write software for the iPhone with minimal retraining. Forstall was also responsible for creating a software development kit for programmers to build iPhone apps, as well as an App Store within iTunes.
The operating system was unveiled with the iPhone at the Macworld Conference & Expo on January 9, 2007, and released in June of that year. At the time of its unveiling in January, Steve Jobs claimed: "iPhone runs OS X" and runs "desktop class applications", but at the time of the iPhone's release, the operating system was renamed "iPhone OS". Initially, third-party native applications were not supported. Jobs' reasoning was that developers could build web applications through the Safari web browser that "would behave like native apps on the iPhone". In October 2007, Apple announced that a native Software Development Kit (SDK) was under development and that they planned to put it "in developers' hands in February". On March 6, 2008, Apple held a press event, announcing the iPhone SDK.
iPhone (first generation), the first commercially released device running iOS (2007)
The iOS App Store was opened on July 10, 2008 with an initial 500 applications available. This quickly grew to 3,000 in September 2008, 15,000 in January 2009, 50,000 in June 2009, 100,000 in November 2009, 250,000 in August 2010, 650,000 in July 2012, 1 million in October 2013, 2 million in June 2016, and 2.2 million in January 2017. As of March 2016, 1 million apps are natively compatible with the iPad tablet computer. These apps have collectively been downloaded more than 130 billion times. App intelligence firm Sensor Tower has estimated that the App Store will reach 5 million apps by the year 2020.
Installation:
The details regarding installation of iOS are as follow:
Step 1: If you wish to install the iOS version (stable or beta), you will need to visit Software Update on your iPhone or the iPad device.
Step 2: Launch the settings option from home screen, tap on general and then tap on software update.
Step 3: Once you are able to see the update, tap on Download and install
Step 4: Enter the passcode.
Step 5: Tap Agree to agree and continue.
Step 6: Tap Agree again to confirm.
Installation by making use of configuration profile
Let us discuss how to install by using the configuration profile.
Step 1: By making use of the configuration profile, you can choose to download it from the official Apple Website page. On the iOS device, the configuration profile can be downloaded directly and the installation instructions once followed can install it on to your device. On the mac or PC device, save the file on hard disk and email to the account on iPhone. The configuration profile in the mail should be tapped and upon following the instructions the installation can progress.
Step 2: Connect the device you want to install into a power cord and connect to a Wifi.
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Step 3: Click on Settings-> General-> Software Update
Step 4: Click on Download and install.
Step 5: To update now, click on install. If you wish to install at some later point of time, you can choose to tap later and choose to install tonight or at some later point of time by tapping on Remind me later. The one thing which should be made sure is, always update once your cell phone is connected to the power cord as this process tends to consume enough battery to drain your device and provide an incomplete installation of operating system.
Step 6: If prompted, you would need to enter the passcode.
Installation by making use of restore images
Let us talk about installing via restore images.
Step 1: Download the iOS software restore image specifically for your device from the Apple website’s official download page.
Step 2: Ensure that you are running the latest version of iTunes on Mac.
Step 3: Open iTunes on your Mac.
Step 4: Connect iOS device to the computer with the cable which came along with the device.
Step 5: If you have prompted for the device passcode or Trust the computer, follow the tips and steps which are present onscreen. In case if you do not remember your passcode, then choose for the options help.
Step 6: Select the iOS device when the list appears on iTunes.
Step 7: In the summary panel, hold the option key and click on the check for an update button.
Step 8: Now, once you are through these steps, you can choose the iOS software to restore the image and click on open to start with the installation.
Step 9: The device will ask for a reboot once the installation is completed and a network connection needs to be provided to complete activation.
Installation and updating your Apple device
Let’s explore how to install and update Apple Device.
You can choose to install or update your iPad, iPhones or iPod devices to the latest version either wirelessly or by making use of iTunes. You should be automatically able to see the latest version update present. If not, you can update manually using iTunes.
Before doing any such activity, ensure that a proper backup is already taken in place for your device by either using iCloud or iTunes.
If the message says that the following update is available for installation, then tapping install Now will help. You can also follow these steps in that case:
Step 1: Plug your device into a power cord and connect to power.
Step 2: Connect to the internet with Wi-Fi.
Step 3: Click on Settings-> General-> Software Update
Step 4: Click on Download and install. If you receive a prompt message asking whether you want to temporarily remove the applications because iOS needs more space for installation or update, then you can choose among Continue or Cancel. Later, iOS will reinstall the apps that were removed as a part of the installation procedure of the operating system.
Step 5: If you choose to install or update now, tap install. Otherwise, tap later and you have the option to choose between install tonight or remind me later. Just make sure that whenever you do, plug in your iOS device with the power cord. Your device will automatically be updated or installed with the iOS version specified.
Step 6: It might also prompt you to enter a passcode. Fill in the passcode else, skip this step.
Advantages:
Excellent UI and fluid responsive
Developers can design apps because less number of models
Metal and shiny coating are ultimate for Apple devices
Jailbreaking for customization
Generates less heat when compared to Android
Excellent for media entertainment
Suits for business and gaming
iOS Is More “Intuitive”
Disadvantages:
It has a review process, when developers want to publish an app they need to send it to Apple for review that takes around 7 days and it takes even more in some cases.
Applications are very large when compared to other mobile platforms
Using iOS are costly Apps and no widget support
Battery performance is very poor on 3G
Repair costs are very piracy
Not flexible only supports iOS devices
Source: Wikipedia
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